Degrees specifically for computer security were almost nonexistent until after the start of the 21st century. Many so-called computer security degrees are still offered only by lower-tier or disreputable schools and programs. Any program purporting to offer a computer security degree should be investigated thoroughly.
Traditionally, companies expect candidates to hold information technology degrees and computer-related degrees from established, well-known educational institutions. These facilities often provide coursework dealing with security-related topics. Legitimate computer-security degrees are starting to be offered from such recognized schools.
Work as a computer forensic investigator may range from investigations into network or computer intrusions to recovery of deleted and purposely damaged files or emails.
Computer forensic investigators, both public and private, are generally expected to have a computer science degree. In some cases, a candidate is also required to have an associate's or bachelor's degree in criminal justice.
Knowledge of accounting practices or an accounting degree may also be helpful for individuals intending to work as insurance or fraud investigators.
Network engineers are tasked with designing new networks, as well as with evaluating existing ones. Their work often involves considerable concern for network security in addition to any usual business requirements.
Network administrators manage existing network infrastructure, including any security programs, procedures and equipment. They're frequently expected to be the first to detect network intrusions and must be able to initiate counter-measures that will halt and limit attackers.
Candidates are typically required to have a computer science degree, often with a focus or specialization in networks or telecommunications.
Security analysts or specialists must engage in a broad range of computer security-related activities, often at an organizational level. They may be required to design and document computer security procedures for an entire business, program or manage security tools and software, and educate users about security concerns.
A bachelor's degree in a computer-related program is considered the minimum requirement for most computer security analyst positions. Professional certification and work experience sometimes may be substituted, though this is becoming rare.
Information technology, telecommunications, or systems and network administration are popular degrees for this type of job. A computer security specialist may also benefit from an associate's or bachelor's degree related to business administration, particularly if he's seeking a managerial role.
Information assurance specialists often serve as assistants to other computer security professionals (the role is generally considered an entry-level position). These specialists may be charged with the more mundane security tasks for an organization, such as installing security software for individual users.
Information assurance specialists may be able to obtain a position with an Associates in Science (A.S.) degree or, though it's rare, through apprenticeship and professional certification.