In existence since 1937, a registered apprenticeship program supported by the U.S. Department of Labor ensures apprentices are paid for their labor and their training meets national, industry-wide standards. Sponsoring companies, in partnership with the government, offer the programs in return for tax benefits and grants, as well as a steady stream of skilled workers. To qualify for such programs, an apprentice must be at least 16 years old -- but usually 18 -- and meet other program-specific requirements such as education, physical agility, aptitude tests, interviews and work experience. Apprenticeship programs may last one to six years, but most are four years. Successful completion of a program may be determined by hours completed or milestones accomplished.
In most cases, the apprenticeship program is sponsored by a private company, meaning the company devises, implements and assesses its own program. The company and apprentice sign a contract and the sponsoring company trains the apprentice. Other situations may involve a labor union or a business organization. Examples of apprenticeship sponsors include small and large businesses, employer and industry associations, labor management organizations, state and local work force development entities, colleges and the military.
Many apprentices learn trades dealing with the renovation, construction or maintenance of buildings, roads, bridges, airports and other structures. Some apprentice-friendly construction careers include bricklayer, electrician, carpenter, painter, plumber, roofer and tile setter.
Industrial and manufacturing workers are employed in the automobile, paper, farming, technology and other industries to help create the products people use in their daily lives. To contribute to this sector, apprentices may learn the trades of machinist, metal fabricator, electrical and instrumentation technician, tool and die maker, pattern maker, mold maker, injection molding machine setter, industrial pipe fitter and industrial maintenance electrician.
The service industry attends to the needs and requests of people regarding utilities, personal services and public safety services. Specifically, apprentices may train to become barbers or cosmetologists, cooks or chefs, correctional officers, funeral directors, firefighters, child care development specialists, electric line workers or metering technicians.