If you are interested in becoming an I/O psychologist, you will first have to complete a bachelor's degree in order to move on to a higher degree, which is required to work in the field. Typically, I/O psychologists hold Bachelor's degrees in psychology or business.
A master's degree is the next highest degree. Master's degree programs are typically two years long. A master's program will cover field specific information so you will learn about I/O theories, research and application. Group dynamics are important in the workplace so you will learn how to conduct groups, identify patterns and how to correct behaviors. According to the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP), career options are different for master's level I/O psychologists; typically, with a master's degree, you will be able to work in nearly any field except for academia.
According to the APA, most education and training for I/O is offered at the doctoral level. At the end of a doctoral program, you will have a Ph.D., affording you the privilege of being called doctor. However, it should be noted that this is not to be confused with a medical doctor which is a completely different field. Doctoral programs are typically five to seven years long. The program is much more intensive than a master's degree; as a Ph.D. you are expected to be an expert in the field, familiar with the research, theories and application and so the five to seven years is spent learning about the field in depth and conducting research. According to SIOP, the primary difference in career options for a doctorate is working in academia. With a Ph.D. you can teach at the university level, whether it be general psychology or I/O psychology. Additionally, with a PhD you can conduct research to publish in journals.
In both master's and doctoral programs, you will complete a series of internships. Internships place you in the field working with I/O psychologists. The goal of internships is to let you apply in the field what you have learned in the classroom. You will work with your supervisor to assess workplace/group issues, formulate and execute treatment plans, conduct research, conduct training seminars and consult with business professionals.
Licensing for a psychologist will vary according to state. Generally, states require some type of test to be taken before issuing licenses. Additionally, many states will first issue temporary or intern licenses at which time you will have to work toward full licensure according to the guidelines set forth by the state. For example, in Texas, you first receive a provisional license after proving that you have earned the appropriate degree. At that point, you must accumulate two years of supervised work experience before being awarded full licensure.
Continuing education credits are earned by attending conferences, workshops and classes that further your knowledge in the field and keep you up to date on advances made in the field. Continuing education units are required to renew licensure. The requirements will vary by state but typically states require renewal every year. In Texas, you must renew yearly and complete 12 hours of continuing education.