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How to Build a Science Project Showing Antibodies

To make a science project related to antibodies for your school, you must first understand what antibodies are. Your body produces certain proteins called antibodies which are specialized in destroying bacteria or viruses that cause infections in the body. Since antibodies grip tightly to the body cells, they are used for identifying blood types. Blood-type identification comes in handy if you ever get sick and need blood transfusion. Since it is important, consider building a project that identifies unknown blood types.

Things You'll Need

  • Dropper Vial
  • 3 synthetic blood samples
  • Synthetic anti-A serum
  • Synthetic anti-B reagent
  • Synthetic anti-Rh reagent
  • Color stick
  • Paper
  • Pencil
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Instructions

    • 1

      Use a dropper vial to place the first drop of synthetic blood sample A on the blood typing slide. After the first drop, put the cap back on the dropper vial. Replace the cap before moving to the next typing slide to avoid cross-contamination.

    • 2

      Add a drop of synthetic anti-A serum, distinctly blue in color, to the synthetic blood sample A. Replace the cap, taking care not to mix the labels.

    • 3

      Add a drop of synthetic anti-B reagent, yellow in color, to blood sample B, and replace the cap.

    • 4

      Add a clear drop of synthetic anti-Rh reagent to blood sample Rh.

    • 5

      Use different colored sticks to stir the synthetic blood types and the reagents for 30 seconds each. When you are done, discard the sticks properly to avoid cross-contamination.

    • 6

      Examine the liquid mixtures' thin films that have been left behind. If the film looks uniform, there is no clumping of suspended bacterial and cells in the liquid, also known as agglutination. However, if it looks rather granular, there is agglutination in the mixture.

    • 7

      Make a data table and enter the results from your experiment.

    • 8

      Rinse the apparatus and perform steps 1 through 7 to determine the remaining blood types. Rinsing is essential for obtaining accurate results.

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