APA Citation of Online Documents

The American Psychological Association (APA) style of research documentation requires a Works Cited list as well as in-text citation. The in-text citations refer the reader to the Works Cited list for full information on a particular resource used by the writer. Documentation for Internet resources is evolving, so consulting a recent version of the "APA Style Manual" is recommended. However, online document citations generally include URLs and download dates (when the information was researched).
  1. In-Text and Parenthetical Citations

    • As with all parenthetical citations, list online document resources by author's name, document title and publication date -- if one is listed -- within the parentheses. When paraphrasing or summarizing material, attribute the material with a key phrase. In both cases, if the paper will appear online, embed the URL (i.e., in HTML) within the text for the cited reference/resource -- either in the parenthetical citation or the key phrase for the paraphrased or summarized material.

    Works Cited List -- General Format

    • Online document resources in Works Cited lists should be organized in alphabetical order by author's name (if provided) or by document title. Italicize document titles rather than surrounding them with quotation marks. Necessary information includes: author(s) name, title name (capitalizing first word and proper names), pagination (if provided). The first line of the citation entry appears flush with the left margin. Create a hanging indent by indenting subsequent lines in the same entry from five to seven spaces. Separate individual parts of the citation entries with periods.

    Additional Information for Online Resource Entries

    • Online documents and other information retrieved from the Internet require three additional pieces of information added to the Works Cited list entries, in order to make the entry accurate. The first is the copyright information (in parentheses) and the second is the download date. The download date, which refers to the date the information or document was retrieved from the Internet, follows the copyright information. Include both at the end of the main entry. The third is the Internet address, or complete URL for the site where the document or information was obtained. Place the URL on a line of its own at the end of the entry, following the download date. Prepare the Works Cited list for online publication by embedding the URL before publishing online.

    Online Resource Citation List Specifics

    • Enter online journal article citations by author (last name first, separated by a comma), italicized title, copyright date (in parentheses), download date and the URL. For corporate authors or websites, replace the author's name with the company name. Rearrange the entry slightly for encyclopedia entries by starting with the article title in regular font, followed by the encyclopedia name, italicized. Begin government document entries with the name of the government agency providing the information, followed by the title of the document, italicized, and the document number. Professional website entries begin with the name of the website or organization running the website. The article or document title is italicized.

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