How to Cite APA if I Use the Author More Than Once

The American Psychological Association developed the APA style format for writing research papers, literature reviews and articles. This style format is required by many colleges and universities, particularly in courses in the social sciences. The APA provides guidelines for in-text citation of information obtained from another source. Information obtained from one particular source might be used more than once in your paper. In these cases, the APA provides specific instructions for proper in-text citation.

Instructions

    • 1

      Document the entire list of authors the first time a source is cited in the text of your paper. This information can be provided at the beginning of a statement, or provided in parentheses at the end of the sentence: "According to Smith, Jones, Johnson and Brown (2011), ..." or "(Smith, Jones, Johnson, & Brown, 2011)." For all subsequent citations of the same article, use the first author's name followed by et al: "According to Smith et al. (2011)..." or "(Smith et al., 2011)."

    • 2

      Cite multiple works by the same author listing the author's name, followed by the dates of his publications: "According to Smith (2005, 2011)..." or "(Smith, 2005, 2011)."

    • 3

      Designate multiple works by the same author in the same year by allocating a suffix to each document. Refer to the alphabetized reference list and assign the articles by one author a letter, in consecutive order: "According to Smith (2011a, 2011b), ..." or "(Smith, 2011a, 2011b)" or "(Smith, 2005, 2011a, 2011b)" for multiple documents from multiple years.

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