* Bachelor of Science in Pharmacy (BS Pharm) or Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD): The PharmD is now the standard entry-level degree for pharmacists in most countries, including the United States, Canada, and Australia. A BS in Pharmacy is less common now and generally doesn't qualify you to practice independently. The PharmD program is typically a professional degree requiring four years of study *after* completing a pre-pharmacy undergraduate education. This pre-pharmacy coursework typically includes significant study in chemistry, biology, mathematics, and other sciences.
* Pre-Pharmacy Requirements: Before applying to a PharmD program, you'll need to complete specific undergraduate courses. These typically include:
* Chemistry: General chemistry (I and II), organic chemistry (I and II), analytical chemistry, biochemistry, and sometimes physical chemistry.
* Biology: General biology, microbiology, anatomy and physiology.
* Mathematics: Calculus, statistics.
* Other: Physics, sometimes psychology or other social sciences. Specific requirements vary by school.
* Pharmacy School: The PharmD program is rigorous and involves extensive classroom learning, laboratory work, and clinical rotations in various healthcare settings (hospitals, community pharmacies, etc.). These rotations provide hands-on experience and allow you to apply your knowledge in real-world scenarios.
* Licensure Examination: After graduating from pharmacy school, you must pass a licensing examination (such as the NAPLEX in the US and the PEBC exams in Canada) to be legally allowed to practice as a pharmacist. Specific licensing requirements vary by jurisdiction.
* Continuing Education: Pharmacists are often required to complete continuing education courses throughout their careers to stay updated on the latest medications, treatments, and regulations.
In summary, becoming a pharmacist requires a considerable investment of time and effort, encompassing a strong foundation in science during your undergraduate years, followed by a demanding professional doctorate program and the successful completion of licensing examinations.