Set up a meeting and assembling area in the room. This is where you will greet the students each morning, ask them questions and set the agenda for the day. Ideally, you will place a rug on the floor somewhere in front of the blackboard. Make sure it is large enough for the entire class to sit on. Put a large calendar on the board so you can talk about the day of the week and the date with your students every morning. Set up a chart with every student's name and all the activity centers in the room so you can assign students an area for the day and keep track of what activities they have done.
Place a kindergarten-sized table and chairs next to a small bookshelf. Use this area for reading with the students and for letting them discover books on their own. Set up a cushion or comfy chair as a reward for students to sit on.
Have at least one set of tables and chairs for students to sit and and draw or color. Set up a couple of easels for painting. Position the art center near the sink, if you have one in the room, to make washing paint brushes easy. Organize a supply shelf with crayons, paints and brushes, glue, sparkles, paper and other craft materials.
Create a science and discovery center. Station sand and water boxes here but also have room for temporary supplies such as leaves and pine cones. Vary the supplies in this center depending on what unit you are studying. Make sure the area is stocked with plenty of water toys.
Set up a blocks center. Use the floor or a rug with a shelf storing an assortment of blocks, trucks, train tracks and other toys in a variety of sizes.
Decorate the rest of classroom. Put colorful pictures on the walls. Cut out colorful shapes from construction paper and tape them around the room. Put up flash cards of words you want students to learn. Set up a cardboard clock with movable hands somewhere in the room so you can teach students to tell time. Put things you want students to be able to touch at a low level, and hang things that are off-limits higher up on the wall.