How to Write the Final Essay in APA Format or Chicago Style

APA

• 1

  Cite one author by using their name in text with the year of publication in brackets. For example: Smith (2002). Alternatively, place both in brackets, separated by a comma, for example: (Smith, 2002).

  Type the bibliography following this example for a single author:

  Smith, A. (2000). Title. City of publisher: Publisher.

  Always italicize the title.

• 2

  Cite multiple authors in brackets, separated by semicolons. For example (Smith, 2002; Johnson, 2003; Bloogs, 2004).

  Separate multiple authors in the bibliography with a "&" symbol.

• 3

  Type a page reference following a direct quotation, for example (p. 100).

  Cite the work's name if you do not know the author, for example ("Title of text" 2010). Type "n.d." if you do not know the date.

Chicago

• 4

  Use footnotes in Chicago style. Always italicize the title.

• 5

  Use the following footnote style for a single author:

  1. Chris Smith, Title (Publishing City: Publisher, 2010), 100

  Use the following bibliography style for a single author:

  Smith, Chris. Title. Publishing City: Publisher, 2010.

  Replace "100" with the page number. Replace "1" with the footnote number.

• 6

  Use the following footnote style for two or three authors:

  2. Chris Smith and Christina Red, Title. (Publishing City: Publisher, 2010), 100

  Use the following bibliography style for two authors:

  Smith, Chris, and Christina Red. Title. Publishing City: Publisher, 2010.

• 7

  Use the following footnote style for four or more authors:

  3. Chris Smith et al., Title (Publishing City: Publisher, 2010), 100

  Use the following bibliography style for four or more authors:

  Smith, Chris, Red, Christina, Taylor, Josie, and Fred Flintsone. Title. Publishing City: Publisher, 2010.