Ovulation:
- Ovulation predictor kit (OPK): Determines the time of ovulation based on the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge.
- Basal body temperature (BBT): Monitored daily to track the rise in temperature that occurs after ovulation.
- Progesterone: Measured through a blood test or saliva test, the levels indicate ovulation has occurred.
- Ultrasound: Monitors the ovaries and endometrium, can detect ovulation.
Semen Analysis:
- Semen volume: Amount of semen produced.
- Sperm count: Total number of sperm in the sample.
- Motility: Percentage of sperm moving forward.
- Morphology: Shape of the sperm.
Female Hormone Tests:
- Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH): Stimulates the growth of follicles.
- Estradiol: Estrogen hormone produced by the ovaries, high levels indicate good follicle growth.
- Luteinizing hormone (LH): Triggers ovulation.
- Prolactin: Hormone released from the pituitary gland, elevated levels can affect fertility.
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH): Regulates thyroid function, thyroid issues can impact fertility.
Additional Tests:
- Hysterosalpingography (HSG): X-ray of the uterus and fallopian tubes to assess for blockages.
- Sonohysterography (SIS): Ultrasound with a fluid-filled uterus, detects uterine abnormalities.
- Laparoscopy: Surgical procedure with a small camera to examine internal organs, including reproductive structures.
- Endometriosis biopsy: Tissue sample from the endometrium to identify endometriosis.
These fertility tests are typically the initial steps in evaluating infertility issues and identifying potential causes. Further testing may be advised based on the results obtained during these basic evaluations.