In England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, a "G" grade or below is considered a fail. In Scotland, a "D" grade or below is considered a fail. In Northern Ireland, a "C" grade or below is considered a fail in some GCSE subjects.
Failing a GCSE exam does not necessarily mean that a student has failed the entire GCSE course or qualification. They may still be able to obtain a GCSE certificate by achieving passing grades in other units or modules within the course.