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How to Do Harvard Style Referencing

Referencing indicates that an idea in your writing was not your own but it gives credit to the creator of the idea. If you fail to report all your sources properly, people could falsely accuse you of plagiarism. There are serious consequences for confirmed cases of plagiarism at every level of academics and in professional careers. The Harvard method for referencing uses parenthetical referencing within the text itself instead of footnotes. A generation ago, citation was done via a footnote at the bottom of the page, but the Harvard method has simplified citation by using a shorter parenthetical reference.

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Instructions

    • 1

      Reference the author in the text with parenthetical citations. When paraphrasing, place the author's name and year of publication in parenthesis after the sentence.

      For example: (Smith, 2006).

      For a direct quote, insert the year of publishing followed by a colon and the page number. For example: (Smith, 2006: p. 22).

    • 2

      List all references you read or used in a bibliography after your research paper. Organize the bibliography in alphabetical order, by author, with last name first.

    • 3

      Reference a book by listing the authors last name, comma, initials with a period between each, comma, the year of publication in parenthesis followed by a period. Next, list the full title of the book (in italics), comma, edition number, comma, city or town of publication, colon, and publisher followed by a period. End the reference with the page range used.

      Example: Last, First & Another O.N (2010). A Guide to the Mystical. 5th ed. Anytown: Publishing. 101-162.

    • 4

      Reference a journal by listing the author, with the publishing year in parenthesis. List the title of the article followed by a period. Then, the title of the journal in italics with a period. List the volume of the journal followed by the part in parenthesis. Add a comma and list the pages you are referencing.

      Example: Last, First & Another O.N . (2010). Inner Spirituailty. A Guide to the Mystical. 5 (3), 101-162.

    • 5

      Reference a website with the author, comma, year in parenthesis, period, title of the web page. Available followed by a colon with the URL for the site. Insert Last accessed and the date that you accessed the site.

      Example: Cane, Candy. (2010). Trouble With Stripes. Available: http://candy.cane.com/oneofakind. Last accessed 31th March 2010.

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