Class Analysis: Marx's analysis of class divisions and class conflict has been influential in sociology, leading to the development of class-based theories of social inequality, social stratification, and social mobility.
Economic Determinism: Marx's emphasis on the economic base as the primary determinant of social structure and social change has influenced sociological theories that emphasize the role of economic factors in shaping society.
Alienation and Exploitation: Marx's concepts of alienation and exploitation have influenced sociological studies of work, labor, and the dehumanizing effects of capitalism.
Hegemony and Ideology: Marx's concept of hegemony, which refers to the dominance of one class over others through ideological and cultural means, has been influential in sociological studies of ideology, cultural hegemony, and the role of ideas and culture in maintaining social order.
Critique of Capitalism: Marx's critique of capitalism and his vision of a communist society have inspired sociological theories of social justice, inequality, and alternative forms of economic organization.
Historical Sociology: Marx's emphasis on the historical context and development of social phenomena has influenced the development of historical sociology and the study of social change over time.
Methodological Contributions: Marx's emphasis on empirical research and the use of statistics and historical evidence has influenced sociological research methods and techniques.