How to Cite a Personal Account in an Essay

Just because a personal account isn't published doesn't mean that you should use it without attribution; if you quote or paraphrase someone's personal account in your essay, you are obligated to cite it. If you are adhering to the American Psychological Association Style, you need only cite a personal communication within the text. Conversely, if you are using Modern Language Association Style, you must include a citation in your works-cited page but do not need to cite within the text.

Instructions

  1. APA Style

    • 1

      Begin your in-text citation with the first initial and last name of the person sharing his account. For example:

      B. White

    • 2

      Follow the person's name with a comma and the phrase "personal communication" in lowercase letters. For example:

      B. White, personal communication

    • 3

      Conclude your citation with the month, date and year on which the account was communicated. For example:

      B. White, personal communication, June 5, 2011

    • 4

      Enclose the citation in parentheses:

      (B. White, personal communication, June 5, 2011)

    • 5

      Position the citation so that it comes directly after you quote or paraphrase from the personal account. For example:

      One survivor spoke of witnessing a "great white light, then a blinding orange, and then nothing" (B. White, personal communication, June 5, 2011).

    MLA Style

    • 6

      Begin your works-cited entry with the last and first name of the person who told you his account. For example:

      White, Brian.

    • 7

      Follow the person's name with a description of the type of communication. Common examples include "personal interview," "telephone interview," "letter to the author" or "message to the author." For example:

      White, Brian. Personal Interview.

    • 8

      List the date in the following format: day month year. For example:

      White, Brian. Personal interview. 5 June 2011.

    • 9

      List the medium of delivery if you are citing a personal account based on a letter or e-mail. This step is not necessary when citing personal interviews or telephone interviews. Use the abbreviation TS for typed correspondence, and the abbreviation MS for handwritten correspondence. For example:

      White, Brian. Letter to the author. 5 June 2011. TS.

      White, Brian. Letter to the author. 5 June 2011. MS.

      White, Brian. Message to the author. 5 June 2011. E-mail.

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