Write the author's name, the year of publication and the page number from which you obtained the information within parentheses. Put this information after any quotation marks in your essay, but before the period: "Writing an essay is a 'challenging, but rewarding process' (Smith, 2009, p. 52)." If you use the author's name in a sentence, write the year of publication in parentheses after the name, and put the page number in parentheses at the end of the sentence, after the quotation marks but before the period: "According to Jane Smith (2009), writing an essay is a 'challenging, but rewarding process' (p. 52)."
Cite an article by multiple authors in-text using the same basic format, but including all their names in alphabetical order: "(Elba, Sohn, and West, 2003, p. 538)." In subsequent references, you should only give the first name on the list followed by "et. al.": "(Elba et. al. 2003, p. 546)." If a work has more than six authors, use one name followed by "et. al.", rather than typing all seven names.
Differentiate between two authors with the same surname by including their first initials. If you use one article by Maria Jones and one article by Gregory Jones, cite them as M. Jones and G. Jones. Do this even if their articles have different publication years.
Cite anonymous publications from an organization as though the organization were the author. If the organization has a particularly long name, or if the general public is familiar with the abbreviation, include their abbreviation in brackets after the first citation and simply refer to them by their abbreviation in later citations. If, for instance, you are citing an article by the World Health Organization with no attributed author, you would write "(World Health Organization [WHO], 1997, p. 234)" on the first citation and "(WHO, 1997, p. 234)" on subsequent citations. However, you would not abbreviate the American Red Cross as ARC because it is a short name and ARC is not a common abbreviation for that organization.
Write the first few words of the article title in place of the author's last name if there is no identified author and no organization sponsored the publication. Put these words in quotation marks: ("Making Ends Meet," 2007, p. 13).
Cite a piece of information spanning multiple pages of an article by including all the pages from which you drew the information and writing "pp." instead of "p.": "Knitters can increase the number of stitches on the needle with the 'yarn over' stitch, the 'bar increase' stitch or the 'make 1' stitch (Breiter and Diven, 2003, pp. 68-70)."
Enclose a direct quote in quotation marks, but not a statement that you paraphrase. However, you need to provide in-text citations whether quoting or paraphrasing. In all cases, you only need to name the author in the text of your paper or in the parenthetical citation, not both times: "Sears (2000) advocates 'the seven Baby B's of attachment parenting' (p. 4)" or "Attachment parenting has seven primary tenets (Sears, 2000, p. 4)," not "Sears (2000) advocates 'the seven Baby B's of attachment parenting (Sears, 2000, p. 4)."
Cite the article in-text as you would any other print source. In parentheses, type the author's name followed by the page number from which you obtained the information. Do not use a comma. Put the parentheses outside of any quotation marks, but before end punctuation: "Writing essays is 'one of the most fun things you can do' (Smith 52)." If you use the author's name in a sentence, put the page number in parentheses at the end of the sentence, after the quotation marks but before the period: "According to Jane Smith, writing essays is 'one of the most fun things you can do' (52)."
Cite an article by multiple authors in-text using the same basic format, but including all their names in the order in which they appear on the book's cover: "Obesity is linked to heart disease (Sohn, Elba and West 538)." If the article has more than three authors, you can either list all of them or name the first author followed by "et. al.": "Campbell et. al. make the controversial claim that smoking is actually good for your lungs (238)."
Cite anonymous publications from an organization as though the organization were the author. If, for instance, you are citing an article by the World Health Organization with no attributed author, you would write (World Health Organization 234).
Copy the first few words of the article title in place of the author's last name if there is no identified author and no organization sponsored the publication. Put these words in quotation marks: ("Making Ends Meet" 13).
Cite a piece of information spanning multiple pages of an article by including all the pages from which you drew the information: "Knitters can increase the number of stitches on the needle with the 'yarn over' stitch, the 'bar increase' stitch or the 'make 1' stitch (Breiter and Diven 68-70)."
Apply quotation marks when making a direct quote, but not when paraphrasing. However, you need to provide in-text citations whether quoting or paraphrasing. In all cases, you only need to name the author in the text of your paper or in the parenthetical citation, not both times: "Sears advocates 'the seven Baby B's of attachment parenting' (4)" or "Attachment parenting has seven primary tenets (Sears 4)," not "Sears advocates 'the seven Baby B's of attachment parenting (Sears 4)."