Computer-aided design, commonly known as CAD, helps interior designers plan out the way a room is to be arranged with the help of a computer program. Using CAD, designers can change parts of the plan with just a few clicks of their mouse. CAD students learn how to operate the software, as well as how to use it to help potential clients. For instance, by using CAD, clients can see what a designer has in mind for their home or office, including all of the decorations, colors and textures to be used.
Because there is so much to learn about the proper use of color and lighting within a room, these two subjects are sometimes split into their own classes. In color courses, students learn how color affects the mood of a room, and what colors are best used in certain types of buildings. In lighting courses, students learn about the proper use of light and shadow. They will understand how to use light to make a space feel more open and natural, or provide it with a warm, romantic glow.
Virtually all those who wish to major in interior design must take a course on interior decorating. Without proper decorating, even a well-designed room can appear unattractive or cluttered. Students who take interior decorating classes learn about how to select items, such as wallpaper and furniture, that complement the overall design of the room. Closely related to decorating is Feng Shui, a Chinese practice that is used to create a harmonious living space. Learning Feng Shui helps designers develop a space that feels less cluttered.
Windows are important elements of any house, since they let in light and can make a room feel larger than it really is. Students will learn about how to use windows to take advantage of the natural light they provide. While learning about flooring, students survey many different types of floor materials, such as wood, carpet and tiles. Studying walls teaches students about different wall styles, including various curves, cuts and arches. Studying doors is also important. Students learn about the types of doors available, such as steel, wood or glass, and how to incorporate them properly into a building.
Some colleges may offer courses on how to design and decorate individual rooms, or room pairings, such as the bathroom and kitchen. In these classes, students learn the specifics of designing such room types. For instance, a course on bathroom design may include a focus on plumbing, types of showers and tubs and mirror placement. While learning about kitchens, students will find out how to place appliances, lighting and counters. Classes for designing rooms in a commercial building also are likely available.