List the last name of the author, followed by a comma.
If a source has multiple authors, you may list up to five authors. For example:
Smith & Barney,
Smith, Barney, Jones, James & Johnson,
If there are more than five authors, list the name of the first author followed by the phrase "et al."
For example: Smith et al.,
If a source has no known author, use the title instead. The titles of lesser works such as poems and articles should be placed in quotation marks, while the titles of major works, including novels, should be italicized.
List the year of publication, followed by a comma. If no year of publication is given, use "n.d."
List the page number, preceded by "p." If there is no page number, you may use a section heading or a paragraph number. Paragraph numbers should be preceded by "para."
Enclose the citation information in parentheses. For example:
(Smith, 1997, p. 26)
Position your citation so that it comes directly after the quoted or paraphrased section. The citation should fall outside of quotation marks, but before any punctuation marks, such as commas and periods. For example:
At least one scientist believes that nuclear energy is "a dangerous game of chance" (Smith, 1997, p. 26).
If you mention the author's name in the text, split your citation so that the year of publication comes after the author's name, and the page number comes after the quoted passage. For example:
Smith (1997) believes that nuclear energy is "a dangerous game of chance" (p. 26); other scientists urge optimistic caution.