Physical Development:
* Gross Motor Skills: Running, jumping, hopping, climbing stairs (alternating feet), kicking a ball, riding a tricycle, catching a large ball.
* Fine Motor Skills: Holding a crayon/pencil and drawing simple shapes (circles, lines), cutting with scissors (simple cuts), buttoning large buttons, turning pages in a book, building towers with blocks.
Cognitive Development:
* Language: Speaks in sentences, uses descriptive words, understands simple instructions, asks questions, can retell a simple story.
* Problem-solving: Solves simple puzzles, completes simple tasks, understands cause and effect (e.g., if I push this, it will fall).
* Creativity & Imagination: Engages in pretend play (e.g., playing house, doctor), draws pictures to represent ideas, sings songs, tells stories.
* Memory: Recalls simple events, remembers parts of stories.
* Number sense: Counts to 10 or higher, recognizes some numbers, understands basic concepts like bigger/smaller, more/less.
Social & Emotional Development:
* Social Interaction: Plays cooperatively with other children, shares toys (sometimes!), takes turns, follows simple rules.
* Emotional Regulation: Expresses feelings (though may not always manage them effectively), begins to understand and respond to the feelings of others.
* Independence: Dresses and undresses (partially), eats with utensils, uses the toilet (with assistance).
* Self-Help Skills: Washes hands, helps with simple chores.
Important Note: This is just a general guideline. Every child develops at their own pace. If you have concerns about a child's development, it's always best to consult with a pediatrician or early childhood educator. Some children may master these skills earlier, while others may take longer. Focus on the progress, not just the milestones.