1. Byzantine musical notation: Neumatic notation was heavily influenced by the ekphonetic notation used in the Byzantine Empire, especially the use of accents and symbols for indicating melody. Early neumes were simple marks indicating inflections of pitch, similar to the graphic signs of ekphonetic notation.
2. Syllabic structure of Latin texts: The syllabic nature of Latin texts influenced the spacing and placement of neumatic symbols, as well as their grouping and phrasing.
3. Musical practices and oral traditions: Neumatic notation was developed to aid memory, and it evolved in conjunction with oral transmission and performance practices of Gregorian chants and other types of liturgical music.
4. Regional variations and styles: Different regions had varying styles and traditions of neumatic notation, which were adopted and adapted from other nearby areas. This resulted in various schools and notations, such as the Beneventan, St. Gall, and Aquitanian notations, among others.
5. Scribal practices and manuscripts: The evolution and development of neumatic notation were also shaped by the writing instruments, materials, and scribal practices of the time, which influenced the appearance and form of the neumatic symbols and notations.