Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 prohibits sex-based discrimination in schools receiving federal funding. While it doesn't explicitly mandate that girls be allowed on boys' teams, courts have interpreted it to require schools to provide equal athletic opportunities for girls.
If a school doesn't offer a girls' team for a particular sport, the school *may* be required to allow girls to participate on the boys' team, but this isn't automatic. Courts consider factors like:
* Whether there's a comparable opportunity for girls: If the school offers other sports that provide a comparable level of athletic opportunity for girls, they might have a stronger argument for not allowing girls on the boys' team.
* The safety of the girl and other participants: The school could argue against allowing a girl to participate if they have concerns about her safety or the safety of other participants. However, this argument must be carefully considered and justified.
* The level of competition: If allowing a girl to participate would create an unfair competitive advantage or disadvantage, this could be a factor in the decision.
In short, a school is not automatically required to allow a girl to participate on a boys' team if there's no girls' team, but they must demonstrate that they are providing equitable athletic opportunities for girls. This often involves a case-by-case analysis considering the specifics of the situation. The best course of action would be to consult with legal counsel regarding the specific circumstances and applicable state and federal laws.