What is formal norm?

A formal norm is a rule that is explicitly stated and often written down. It typically carries a specific and defined consequence for violation. These norms are often created and enforced by an authority figure or institution. Examples include:

* Laws: These are the most obvious examples, codified by governments and enforced by legal systems. Violation results in penalties like fines, imprisonment, or community service.

* Company policies: These govern workplace behavior and are set by employers. Violations can lead to disciplinary actions, up to and including termination.

* Rules of an organization: Clubs, schools, religious institutions, and other organizations all have written rules that members are expected to follow. Consequences for breaking these rules vary but might include suspension or expulsion.

* Contracts: Legal agreements that outline expectations and consequences for non-compliance.

The key difference between formal norms and informal norms (like customs or traditions) is that formal norms have a codified structure and clearly defined sanctions for violations.