To perform orthostatic vital signs:
1. Lie down for at least 5 minutes.
2. Take your blood pressure and heart rate.
3. Stand up slowly and stand still for 1-2 minutes.
4. Take your blood pressure and heart rate again.
Normal orthostatic vital signs
- Blood pressure: Your blood pressure may increase slightly when you stand up, but it should not increase by more than 20 mm Hg.
- Heart rate: Your heart rate may increase by up to 20 beats per minute when you stand up.
Abnormal orthostatic vital signs
- A decrease in blood pressure of more than 20 mm Hg when you stand up is called orthostatic hypotension. This can be a sign of a problem with your heart, blood vessels, or nervous system.
- An increase in heart rate of more than 20 beats per minute when you stand up is called orthostatic tachycardia. This can be a sign of a problem with your heart or blood vessels.
If you have abnormal orthostatic vital signs, your doctor will recommend further testing to determine the cause.
Tips for preventing orthostatic hypotension
* Drink plenty of fluids throughout the day.
* Eat a healthy diet that includes plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
* Avoid caffeine and alcohol.
* Get regular exercise.
* Rise from lying to sitting for a few minutes prior to standing.
* Wear compression stockings.
* If you have a history of orthostatic hypotension, talk to your doctor about medications that can help prevent it.