- English
- Mathematics
- Science (must include biology, chemistry, and physics)
- Social studies
- Art
- Music
- Physical education
- Foreign language (must include at least two years of one foreign language)
Elective subjects
- History
- Government
- Economics
- Sociology
- Psychology
- Computer science
- Business
- Technology education
- Family and consumer sciences
In addition to these academic subjects, aspiring teachers must also complete a program of professional studies in education. This program typically includes coursework in teaching methods, child development, and assessment.
Some secondary school students choose to take Advanced Placement (AP) or International Baccalaureate (IB) courses in the subjects they plan to teach. These college-level courses can give students a head start on their undergraduate studies and may also make them more competitive for admission to teacher education programs.
Some states have additional requirements for teachers. These requirements may include a certain number of hours of student teaching, a passing score on a state certification exam, and/or a background check.
Teacher education programs are offered at colleges and universities throughout the United States. These programs typically last four years and lead to a bachelor's degree in education.
Teacher education programs typically include a combination of coursework, fieldwork, and student teaching. Coursework covers topics such as teaching methods, child development, and assessment. Fieldwork experiences give students the opportunity to observe and work with experienced teachers. Student teaching provides students with the opportunity to teach under the supervision of a certified teacher.
After completing a teacher education program, aspiring teachers must apply for state certification. Once they are certified, they can begin their careers as teachers.