Turabian Rules

Turabian is a style of formatting academic papers developed by Kate L. Turabian, who worked for more than 30 years as the dissertation secretary at the University of Chicago. It is based on the "Chicago Manual of Style."
  1. Spacing

    • The main body of the paper should be doubled spaced.

    Quotes

    • There are two ways to format direct quotes. Shorter quotes should be put within double quotation marks. For quotes of two or more sentences that run to eight or more lines within the paper, use block quotes. Block quotes are indented in their entirety four spaces from the left margin, and are single-spaced.

    Title Page

    • There is no standard title page format in Turabian style. Make sure you conform to the requirements of your teacher, the department or the college.

    Citations

    • The author's last name and the publication year are enclosed in parenthesis at the end of the material being attributed. Footnotes must begin on the same page as the attributed material. The first footnote for a book must include the name of the author(s), title and subtitle, editor's name (if any), number or name of edition (if not the first), name of series and series volume (if any), place of publication, name of publisher, publication date and specific page numbers of the material cited.

    Additional Rules

    • Elements within citations are separated by commas. The title must be in italics. Publication information is placed within parentheses. Endnotes are similar to footnotes, except they are placed at the end of the paper. For papers that include chapters, the footnotes should be numbered by chapter.

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