Insert a footnote every time you use ideas, findings, facts, studies or direct quotations from a book, article or other source. In your word processing program, place the cursor at the end of the quotation or sentence and select "Insert footnote." If you are using Microsoft Word 2007, you can find "Insert footnote" by opening the References menu. Your word processing program should automatically give each footnote the next consecutive number and prompt you to type the footnote information at the bottom of the page.
Type the bibliographical information for a book or text next to the corresponding footnote number at the bottom of the page. Use the following format:
First name and last name of author, title (in italics), name of editor (city of publication: publishing company, year published), page number(s).
For example:
Elliot Aronson, et al., Social Psychology (italics), 2nd ed., edited by Catherine Woods (New York, NY: Addison Wesley Longman, 1997), 233-240.
If there are two authors separate both their names with "and." If there are three or more authors, type the first name, followed by "et al." For subsequent footnotes citing the same book, simply type "Author's last name, page number", such as "Aronson, 50." If you are citing the same book in successive footnotes, type "Ibid, page number."
Cite magazine articles using the following format:
First name and last name of author, "article title" (in quotation marks), magazine name (in italics), day-month-year of publication, page number(s).
Cite newspaper articles using the same format for a magazine article, but include the section number or letter next to the page number.
Cite a scholarly journal or periodical using the following format:
First name and last name of author, "article title" (in quotation marks), periodical name (in italics), volume and/or issue number (year published): page number.
Type the author's last name, a shortened version of the article title and the page number (each separated by commas) for additional footnotes for the same magazine, newspaper or periodical article. Successive footnotes use the same Ibid technique as for citing books and texts.
Cite online websites in your footnotes using the following format:
First and last name of author, title of the website (in italics). URL address (accessed date).
For example,
Joshua Longley, Food -- Time, Love and Salt (in italics). http://www.foodlovetimeandsalt.com/ (accessed September 15, 2010).
Cite an online magazine article using the same format as you would for a print article, except replace the page number with the URL address and the access date.
Compose footnotes, consisting of full sentences, if you want to clarify details to help the reader better understand or to add additional information that would interrupt the flow of the main text.
Complete a Bibliography at the end of the monograph using your footnote entries as a guide. Adjust the footnote entries by moving the authors' last names ahead of their given names and eliminating parentheses. Place bibliographical items in alphabetical order and add other resources that were consulted but were not cited in the footnotes.