In general, it takes five years to complete a Ph.D. medical research science program; however, the amount of time varies by university. During the first year, students take classes to learn about the foundations of medicine, biomedical research and translational research. In the second year of the program, they choose a preferred laboratory style, take more classes and begin their thesis research. In the remaining years of the postgraduate program, they devote most of their time to professional development, performing research and completing a thesis and dissertation.
During the first or second year of a medical research science program, students complete a series of laboratory rotations. The Association of American Medical Colleges explains that laboratory rotations allow students to try out different laboratory and research settings. The rotations also help them decide if they prefer to work more independently in a larger lab or have more face time with their mentor in a smaller lab. The length and number of laboratory rotations vary by school.
During the last years of a medical research science program, professors help students develop professionally so they’re ready to enter the workforce upon graduation. According to the Association of American Medical Colleges, the professional development aspects of the postgraduate program help students develop critical and analytical thinking skills, as well as communication skills. To refine these professional skills, Ph.D. candidates may work as assistants to professors or act as mentors to graduate or undergraduate students.
During the last years of a medical research science program, students complete a thesis, or dissertation, to bring new knowledge into the medical field. Advisers help as candidates develop and work on the thesis. A committee then determines when the research is developed enough to defend as a dissertation project. After the committee approves the written component of a dissertation, the postgraduate student defends it orally to a board or in a seminar-like setting.