Here's how it works:
* MPhil Phase: The student completes coursework and research, culminating in a substantial research dissertation or thesis. This usually takes one to two years. The quality of this work is assessed.
* PhD Progression: If the MPhil work meets a sufficiently high standard (demonstrating research capability and aptitude), the student is then allowed to continue directly onto the PhD program without needing to reapply. The MPhil dissertation might form part of the overall PhD thesis, or it might be a distinct component.
* Purpose: This structure provides a pathway for students who might not immediately be ready for the full commitment and demands of a PhD. It allows them to demonstrate their research abilities before embarking on the more extensive and independent research required for a doctoral degree. It's also a way for universities to assess a student's suitability for doctoral studies.
In short, it's a structured, phased approach to PhD study, offering a safety net and a chance to prove oneself before fully committing to the significant undertaking of a doctoral research program. However, not all MPhil programs automatically lead to a PhD. Some are standalone degrees. Always check the specific program details at the university offering the MPhil.