Reference the FDA recommended quantity of a given nutrient. As an example, the FDA recommends 50 grams of protein in a 2,000 calorie daily diet.
Read the label or other source to determine the amount of a given nutrient contained in some food. As an example, you might have a protein bar that offers 20 grams of protein.
Divide the amount of a nutrient in the food by the recommended amount; then multiply by 100 to convert to a percentage. In the example, 20 grams of protein in the protein bar, divided by 50 grams of recommended protein ingestion, results in a decimal value of 0.40. Multiply that by 100 to get the percent daily value of 40 percent.