Previous work as a mariner provides valuable experience in areas such as navigation and cargo handling. Medical fitness, especially eyesight and hearing, must meet set standards. Pilots need good communication skills to work with the bridge crew and to overcome any language or cultural impediments they encounter while interacting with ship masters.
A college degree is not necessary to enter this field. Pilots must obtain a license from a U.S. Coast Guard-approved school. Coursework includes studies in navigational systems, tug escort, ship bridge management and meteorology. Emergency preparedness and personnel supervision are also essential elements of training.
Pilots must continually update their knowledge, whether through seminars on new equipment or first aid and survival skills training. Staying current on local, national and international regulations as well as recent navigational information about a pilot's specific license area is vital.