Issuing a challenge to your readers or audience is a way to apply your thesis or idea in the real world. For example, if your topic is about the link between obesity and diabetes, offering the suggestion to make small changes in diet and fitness links the examples within your paper or lecture together. A reader or audience member remembers an activity or idea he can use in his daily life.
Wrapping up a topic with a perspective or conclusion based on your examples doesn't simply reiterate your examples: It reinforces them by taking your conclusion a step further. For example, if your subject was about annual vaccine care for dogs, restate how important vaccinating is and add the benefits to your family and the dog itself. Reminding your audience about vaccinating concludes the topic; adding additional benefits may secure the audience's opinion in your favor.
After collecting evidence that supports your theory, ask yourself, "So what?" What makes your theory different or innovative compared to similar theories on the same topic? Let your readers or listeners know why your viewpoint was important based on the ideas supported by the evidence so it becomes more meaningful to them.
After stating your viewpoint or idea, end your conclusion with a question. This is particularly helpful in a lecture format, which opens up a conversation between the lecturer and the audience. If you pose a question as your conclusion, be aware that you may require additional support, evidence and facts for your ideas.