Regarding Teaching and Learning:
* Pedagogical Techniques: These focus on how instructors deliver knowledge and facilitate student learning. Examples include:
* Lectures: Traditional, large-group instruction.
* Seminars: Smaller groups with more interactive discussion.
* Tutorials: One-on-one or small-group instruction focusing on individual needs.
* Problem-based learning (PBL): Students learn by working collaboratively to solve complex problems.
* Project-based learning (PBL): Students learn by completing extended projects.
* Inquiry-based learning: Students drive their learning through questioning and investigation.
* Experiential learning: Learning through direct experience, such as internships or fieldwork.
* Flipped classroom: Students engage with materials outside of class, allowing class time for active learning.
* Gamification: Using game design elements to enhance engagement and motivation.
* Technology-enhanced learning: Utilizing various technologies (LMS, online tools, simulations) to support learning.
* Assessment Techniques: These methods are used to evaluate student learning and progress. Examples include:
* Exams: Written or oral tests of knowledge and understanding.
* Essays: Written assignments requiring critical thinking and analysis.
* Presentations: Oral presentations demonstrating understanding and communication skills.
* Projects: Complex assignments requiring application of knowledge and skills.
* Portfolios: Collections of student work demonstrating progress over time.
* Peer assessment: Students evaluate each other's work.
* Self-assessment: Students reflect on their own learning and progress.
Regarding Administration and Governance:
* Curriculum Development: Techniques for designing and structuring educational programs.
* Student Support Services: Techniques for providing academic advising, career counseling, and other support to students.
* Research Methods: Techniques for conducting research and disseminating findings.
* Resource Management: Techniques for managing budgets, faculty, and facilities.
* Quality Assurance: Techniques for ensuring the quality of education and student learning outcomes.
In short, "techniques of higher education" encompass a broad and evolving set of strategies and methods employed to achieve the goals of teaching, learning, research, and service within the context of a university or college. The specific techniques used will vary depending on the institution, the discipline, and the individual instructor.