Cite sources parenthetically in the body of the paper that refer to an alphabetical
Works Cited list or bibliography. Make parenthetical references brief. Include only the author's last name and a page number.
Write bibliography entries for books so that they contain the following information in the indicated order: author(s) or editor(s), complete title, edition (if indicated), place of publication, shortened name of the publisher, date of publication and medium of publication (e.g., print).
List up to three authors in the book entry. Write the first author's name, surname first. Write subsequent authors' names, first name followed by last name. Separate multiple authors of a single work using commas and the word "and," not an ampersand (&). For books written by more than three authors, list the first author followed by a comma and the words "et al."
Alphabetize bibliography entries by authors' last names --- or by title for sources without authors.
Use title case for titles and subtitles of all bibliography entries.
Shorten the publisher's name, deleting articles (e.g., a, the), business abbreviations (e.g., Co., Inc.) and descriptive words such as Press or Publisher.
List all publishers, if there is more than one, separating them by semicolons. If more than one city is listed for the same publisher, include only the first city.
Write your bibliography entry for a book using one of the two Chicago Style systems: notes and bibliography or author-date. Scholars working in the humanities prefer the notes and bibliography system. The author-date system is commonly used in the physical, natural and social sciences.
Use the notes and bibliography system by creating notes in the text that reference a book in the bibliography. Include in your notes the following information in the indicated order: author's name (first name, last name), title, place of publication, publisher, date and page numbers. Shorten subsequent notes that reference the same book to the author's last name, title and page number.
Create a bibliography entry that corresponds to the notes. Include the author's name (last name, first name), title, place of publication, publisher and date.
Use the author-date system to cite book references in the bibliography. List the author's name (last name, first name), year published, title, place and publisher.
Refer to the bibliography references in text, parenthetically, listing the author's name, year and page numbers.
Cite books directly in the text of your paper using the APA style author-date citation system. Include the author's last name and year of publication. You may place this information parenthetically at the end of a sentence, for example, (Brown, 2004). You may reference the author's name in the text of the sentence followed by the year of publication in parentheses (e.g., Brown (2004) discovered a new plant.). You also may include the author and the date in the sentence (e.g., In 2004, Brown discovered a new plant.). All in-text citations should point the reader to a complete citation of the work in the bibliography.
Order your references by the authors' last names.
Include in your reference the following information in the order listed: author's name or names, publication date, title of book in sentence case, location and publisher (e.g., Brown, C. (2004), A random scientific study. London, England: British Publisher.)