* State University: This designation explicitly indicates that the university receives significant funding from the state government. It's usually part of a larger state university system, governed at least partly by a state board of regents or trustees. The state often has a significant say in the university's mission, priorities, and sometimes even tuition rates. Think of it as a more direct and visible connection to the state.
* University (Public): While many universities that simply use "University" in their name *are* publicly funded, the connection isn't always as explicit or direct as with "State University." They might receive funding from multiple sources (state, federal, endowments, etc.) and have more autonomy in their governance compared to a state university system. The name might reflect a longer history, established before a comprehensive state system was in place, or a desire to project a broader identity beyond just its state affiliation.
In short: "State University" generally implies a stronger, more directly visible tie to the state government in terms of funding and governance than a university that simply uses "University" in its name (even if that university is also publicly funded). However, both types are generally public institutions, meaning they are not privately funded or controlled.