* The program: Highly competitive programs like medicine, law, and top-ranked PhD programs in STEM fields will expect much higher GPAs than less competitive programs or those in less demanding fields like the humanities.
* The university: Elite universities will generally expect higher GPAs than less prestigious ones.
* Other aspects of your application: A lower GPA can be offset by strong GRE/GMAT scores, compelling letters of recommendation, impactful research experience, a strong personal statement, and relevant work experience. A holistic review is standard.
However, some general guidelines can be offered:
* Highly competitive programs: A GPA of 3.7 or higher is often considered strong, while a 3.5 or higher is generally competitive. Anything below 3.5 might significantly hinder your chances, although not necessarily eliminate them if other parts of your application are exceptional.
* Less competitive programs: A GPA of 3.0 or higher might be sufficient, but a higher GPA will always improve your chances.
In short: Focus less on a specific GPA number and more on building a strong, well-rounded application. A lower GPA doesn't automatically disqualify you, and a high GPA doesn't guarantee admission. Research the specific requirements and average GPA of admitted students for the programs you're targeting. Contact the admissions offices directly if you have concerns about your GPA.