Which of these is most likely to be an extraneous factor that would affect test scores?

There are many factors that could potentially affect test scores, but some are more likely to be considered extraneous than others. Extraneous factors are those that are not directly related to the content or skills being tested, but can still have an impact on performance. Some examples of extraneous factors that might affect test scores include:

* Test anxiety: This is a common experience that can make it difficult for students to focus and perform their best on a test.

* Physical health: Students who are feeling unwell or in pain may not be able to concentrate as well as they would if they were healthy.

* Emotional state: Students who are experiencing stress, anxiety, or other negative emotions may find it difficult to focus on the test material.

* Environmental factors: Factors such as noise, temperature, and lighting can all affect a student's ability to concentrate and perform well on a test.

* Social factors: Students who are feeling pressure from their peers or family to perform well may feel anxious or stressed, which can affect their performance.

It is important to note that not all of these factors will necessarily have a negative impact on test scores. For example, some students may find that test anxiety actually helps them to focus and perform better. However, these are all factors that can potentially affect test scores and should be taken into consideration when interpreting the results of a test.