* Completion of a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) or equivalent degree: This is the primary requirement. Years of rigorous study at an accredited veterinary school are necessary, culminating in a comprehensive examination. This is arguably the most important "test" a veterinarian takes.
* Licensing Exams: After graduating, veterinarians must pass a licensing exam specific to the state or province where they wish to practice. These exams typically assess knowledge and clinical skills in a variety of areas. The North American Veterinary Licensing Examination (NAVLE) is a common example in the United States and Canada.
* Specialty Board Certification (optional): Once licensed, veterinarians can pursue board certification in a specific area of veterinary medicine (e.g., cardiology, surgery, oncology, internal medicine). This involves several years of residency training in the specialty followed by a rigorous certification exam administered by a specialty board. This is analogous to a human physician specializing and getting board certification.
In short, there's no single "certification test," but rather a series of rigorous academic and practical examinations that lead to licensure and, optionally, specialty board certification.