Howard Gardner, a Harvard professor, developed the multiple intelligence theory, and wrote a book titled "Theory of Multiple Intelligences." Both his book and his theory discuss the idea that every person possesses several types of intelligence, not just one or two. In a classroom setting this means students are not only gifted in one area, but have some skill in many different areas. Not all intelligences are developed as fully as others, but educators can help students increase strengths in all areas.
In his book, Gardner identifies the following multiple intelligences of visual/spatial intelligence: kinesthetic intelligence, logical/mathematical intelligence, musical/rhythmic, verbal/linguistic intelligence, naturalist/spiritual, intrapersonal intelligence and interpersonal intelligence.
Educators should strive to diversify their curriculum so students can use their weakest intelligences. Educators can build learning centers, projects, assign journals and create work that uses components of different intelligences. For example, when assigning a book to read for class, an educator may assign the book, assign the students to create a song about the book, draw a picture related to the book or even create a play based on the book.
Educators can assist with honing this intelligence by using story problems, scientific experiments and logic problems. Those with visual Intelligence enjoy using their imagination, role-playing and drawing. Kinesthetic intelligence may be strengthened by dramatic play, sports, movement and hands-on projects. Creative writing, literature discussion, library time and journaling are ways to increase verbal intelligence. Musical intelligence is built by songs, instrument playing, chanting, limerick and rhyme. Intrapersonal intelligence is built upon reflection, writing and observation activities, while interpersonal intelligence is built upon group work, partnering projects and role-playing. Building the naturalist intelligence includes performing outdoor activity, birdwatching and microscope experiments.
Benefits of multiple intelligence theory include providing students with authentic learning based on their needs and talents, increased student motivation and family involvement, students demonstrate and share their strengths with others and students may become aware of strengths and talents they did not know they had. For example, a student gifted in the sciences may not know he enjoys singing or playing an instrument.