1. Audio-based learning: For those who cannot read or write, audio-based learning can be an effective way to disseminate information. Audiobooks, podcasts, and radio programs can be used to provide educational content, news, and entertainment to the illiterate.
2. Mobile learning: Mobile phones can be a powerful tool for learning even for those who cannot read or write. Mobile phones can be used to access educational apps and games, send text messages, and connect to online resources.
3. Visual aids: Visual aids such as pictures, illustrations, and videos can be used to convey information to illiterate individuals. Visual aids can help to make learning more accessible and engaging for those who cannot read or write.
4. Assistive technologies: There are several assistive technologies available that can help illiterate individuals to access and use ICTs. For example, screen readers can read out the text on a screen, and speech recognition software can allow individuals to input text by speaking.
5. Community-based ICTs: ICTs can also be used in community settings to provide access to information and services for the illiterate. For example, community telecenters can provide access to computers and the internet, and community radio stations can broadcast educational programs.