1. Hereditary Succession:
- This is the most prevalent form of succession, where the throne passes to a direct descendant of the current monarch.
- The order of succession is usually based on primogeniture, meaning the eldest child of the monarch becomes the heir, followed by their descendants.
- In some cases, agnatic primogeniture is followed, giving precedence to male heirs over female heirs.
2. Absolute Primogeniture:
- Under this system, succession is based solely on birth order, regardless of gender.
- The eldest child, whether male or female, becomes the heir to the throne.
3. Semi-Salic Succession:
- This variant of primogeniture allows females to inherit the throne only in the absence of male heirs.
- If a monarch has no sons, the eldest daughter (or her descendants) can become the successor.
4. Elective Monarchy:
- In certain monarchies, the ruler is elected by a select group of nobles, electors, or a national assembly.
- The election is usually based on pre-established rules and may involve a vote or consensus among the electors.
5. Cognatic Succession:
- This system allows both male and female descendants to inherit the throne, giving equal priority to sons and daughters.
- The succession order is determined by closeness of kinship to the previous monarch.
6. Seniority:
- In a few monarchies, the throne passes to the oldest living member of the royal family, regardless of their position in the direct line of descent.
7. Testamentary Succession:
- In rare instances, a monarch may designate their successor through a testament or last will.
- This method is usually subject to certain conditions and approval from relevant bodies.
The choice of succession method often has historical roots and reflects the cultural and constitutional values of the respective monarchy. Changes to succession laws can occur through legislative processes or constitutional amendments.