Observe the children during playtime or recess to assess the problems. As a teacher or parent, you need to remain objective. If it is obvious that a particular group of children or one child is controlling the excluding, you can work from there.
Promote an atmosphere of respect. Remember these are young children. This behavior doesn't make them bad kids; they just might not realize how their actions are affecting others. Enforce a zero tolerance policy on teasing and negativity. Stress throughout the day that not everyone has to be friends but everyone should be respectful and kind to one another. Display anti-bullying posters in the classroom.
Role play in the classroom. Small children often have difficulty with empathy. Design a lesson plan that puts the "bullies" in the "victims' " shoes. The experience might be eye opening. Ask the students to share a time when they felt bullied or lonely. Sharing and trust will help build a positive environment in the classroom.
Create diverse groups within the classroom during group activities. Experiment in the classroom, where you have more control than outside on the playground. When implementing group activities and lesson plans, place two quiet children together and see how they get along. Control who works with whom and see if you can help students connect with one another.
Keep a report on bullying incidents. Dealing with the children who are excluding others might include calling in their parents. Parents can help alleviate these issues by working with their children at home. Be cautious when speaking to parents, who might get defensive. Explain that you want all students to feel included.
Discuss these issues with the principal and the school counselor. The more people who are involved with the anti-bullying policies, the better. It also helps if others know so they can watch out for the students who are being excluded. If the situation escalates, you can have a meeting with parents, principal and school counselors.