What are borstal schools?

Borstal schools were a type of institution in the United Kingdom and some other Commonwealth countries, used for the detention and rehabilitation of young offenders (typically aged 16 to 21). They were essentially reform schools with a focus on discipline and vocational training, aiming to rehabilitate young people convicted of crimes rather than simply incarcerating them. The system was named after the location of the first such institution, Borstal, in Kent, England.

However, it's crucial to note that the Borstal system, while intended to be rehabilitative, was often criticized for its harsh conditions and sometimes ineffective methods. While vocational training was offered, the regime was often quite strict and punitive. The system was eventually phased out in the UK during the 1980s, replaced by other youth justice initiatives. The term "Borstal" itself is now largely associated with a past era of youth detention and carries negative connotations in the UK.