Core Subjects:
* Polish Language (Język polski): This is a fundamental subject focusing on reading, writing, grammar, literature, and creative writing.
* Mathematics (Matematyka): Covers arithmetic, algebra, geometry, and other mathematical concepts.
* Foreign Languages (Języki obce): English is almost universally taught, with other common options including German, French, Russian, and Spanish. The number of foreign languages studied and the level of proficiency expected depend on the school and the student's path.
* History (Historia): Covers Polish and world history.
* Geography (Geografia): Focuses on both physical and human geography, covering Poland and the world.
* Biology (Biologia): Covers various aspects of living organisms.
* Physics (Fizyka): Covers the fundamental principles of physics.
* Chemistry (Chemia): Covers the properties and behavior of matter.
* Information Technology (Informatyka): Teaches students about computers, programming, and digital literacy.
* Civic Education (Wychowanie obywatelskie/Wiedza o społeczeństwie): This covers aspects of government, law, and citizenship.
* Religious Education (Religia) or Ethics (Etyka): Students can choose between religious instruction (usually Catholic, but other religions may be offered) or ethics classes. This is a non-compulsory subject.
* Physical Education (Wychowanie fizyczne): Includes various sports and physical activities.
* Music (Muzyka): Involves learning about music theory, history, and performance.
* Art (Sztuka): Focuses on visual arts, including drawing, painting, and sculpting.
Additional Subjects or Specializations (Depending on the school and level):
* Technology (Technika): This can include various subjects related to engineering, design, and practical skills.
* Economics (Ekonomia): Often taught in upper secondary levels.
* Sociology (Socjologia): Often taught in upper secondary levels.
* Philosophy (Filozofia): Often taught in upper secondary levels.
* Psychology (Psychologia): Sometimes offered in upper secondary levels.
* Various vocational subjects: In vocational schools, students focus on specific trades or professions, with relevant subjects tailored to those specializations.
This is not an exhaustive list, and the specific subjects offered, their depth, and the emphasis placed on each can vary between schools and educational pathways within the Polish system. The curriculum also evolves over time.