In the early 20th century, two important discoveries paved the way for modern investigatory research: Max Planck's "Quantum Hypothesis" and Albert Einstein's "Special Theory of Relativity." The former theorized that energy is made up of microscopic units called quanta, and the latter simplified physics theory by revealing that the laws of physics apply in all intertial frames. These discoveries led to Einstein's revelatory "General Theory of Relativity," which changed the face of physics in 1915. Modern theories, such as "Super String Theory," continue to be influenced by earlier discoveries.
Investigatory physics research accumulates in a published study. But research is only published after a long period of investigation, ranging from a few months to a few years. Some studies require specific technology to continue their investigatory work. For example, a study released in 2011 conducted by an independent research group called "Antimatter Spectroscopy," -- associated with the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics -- revealed that antimatter and matter occur in equal amounts. To complete this study, scientists used a special method of spectroscopy using lasers to work with the fragile antimatter. Other fields of physics also benefit from studies, such as medicine. For example, the University of Wollongong conducted a study on radiation dosing for cancer patients in 2009.
Physics plays an important part in the development of everyday technologies, such as computer storage space and building materials. One example is investigatory research conducted by the technology company IBM on particles called carbon nanotubes, or microscopic collections of carbon atoms. When trillions of these tubes are attached together, they form a strong substance that can outdo most metals as a building material.
A teacher uses investigatory research in the classroom to give real-life examples of theories taught in class. These projects are simpler than their professional laboratory counterparts, but they can investigate an important issue in the student's community. For example, a student can test a selection of water filters on the market to verify the manufacturer's claims. This gives the student hands-on experience with fluid mechanics in physics and shows the importance of being a smart consumer.