A fire is essential to outdoor survival. Not only does it deter wild animals, but a fire provides warmth on chilly nights, allows for easy cooking, and provides psychological support and comfort. A flint and striker is the most basic fire-starter. Rubbing a battery with steel wool is also a viable method. For beginners who have no experience in fire starting, matches work best. Gather plenty of firewood before you start your fire.
Direction can be determined in several ways. The sun, moon, stars, direction of the wind and plants will all help point the way. The sun always rises in the east and sets in the west. Knowing which way the sun is moving will provide an east-west axis. Some plants only grow in certain regions or in areas with nearby water sources. Knowledge of wind currents is also a plausible method of navigation.
Shelter is a priority for survival in the unpredictable conditions of the outdoors. A good shelter will ward off the elements and be comfortable to inhabit. A good shelter should be built in an area that is dry, flat, close to a water source, has a supply of firewood and is easy to spot. Avoid areas that are too close to the water because insects thrive in those areas. Avoid loose branches and rocks as they can destroy a shelter. Avoid areas near rivers because flash floods can be deadly and are almost impossible to predict.
During a calm day, clouds are white, calm and fine. Storm clouds are black, low-lying and massed in large clusters. A red sky at dusk likely will mean the next day will be dry. A red sky at dawn means an approaching low pressure system and possible precipitation.
Any opportunity to consume calories should be taken advantage of. Most food sources include plants, insects, wild game and fish. Meat and fish are good sources of protein and fat, which is necessary for long-term survival. Wild plants are necessary for carbohydrates.