The critical reasoning section of the GMAT is really a short version of a reading comprehension format. Passages are typically a single paragraph long, and questions test the analytical and critical thinking skills you will need to successfully complete your studies. You will have to be able to identify the argument in the passage, and you may be asked to strengthen or weaken it. Some questions require you to identify a parallel argument. These questions may use the word parallel or ask which statement is consistent with another statement. Look at the passage carefully to understand any unstated assumption. If the assumption is incorrect, the conclusion must be incorrect. Be aware that the conclusion is not always the last sentence in the paragraph, and you may not be able to recognize it with words like “therefore” and “consequently.” Practice becoming adept at finding inferences in the passages that are not stated directly.
Consider reading the question before you read the passage. That way you know what you are supposed to be looking for. Are you being asked to identify statements that will support the passage, or are you being asked to draw a conclusion? Using this strategy can give you the right mindset for reading the passage. Before answering, reread the question to make certain you understand what you are being asked, and make up your own response before going to the answer choices. This tactic can set you on the right path for finding the right answer. Read every question, and use process of elimination to get rid of any answer choice that does not make sense. If you are stumped, consider placing each answer choice in the text to see if it fits. This is a time consuming strategy, but useful to fall back on.
Don’t be fooled by extraneous information contained in the passages that has no bearing on the argument or conclusion. Beware of answer choices that make a true statement, but do not relate to the question. Be on the lookout for words like “never” and “must,” since these absolute statements are usually incorrect. Learn to spot logical flaws like circular reasoning, where a statement is supported by a similar statement without giving any real reason. Be on the lookout for causes that incorrectly impact the effect, and beware of sweeping generalizations. Correct answers are based on cool logic, not emotionally charged arguments, so be aware of any emotional language.