Since we all look at things in a different light, communication issues can simply be misunderstandings. Instead of assuming that you know exactly what someone is talking about, accept that you may be interpreting things differently than he intended. If you feel like you're not on the same page as someone else, think of the different meaning possibilities and ask which one the other person is trying to convey.
Misunderstood communication can also be the result of using the wrong words. Using a word in a different context can be a problem if both people in the conversation understand the word to mean two different things. If you feel like this could be the case in a conversation you're having, stop the person and ask her what the particular word means to her. Then you can continue the conversation on the same page.
Conflicts are known for getting out of hand; eventually two people who are fighting might not even remember where the argument started in the first place. If this is happening, you may want to stop mid-fight and ask each other to clarify exactly what the problem is, according to each individual. Using clearly defined language and being direct about what you feel -- without being too wordy or philosophical -- may help clarify things.
Understanding English communication does not simply stop with verbal communication. People must also understand written communication, as well as being able to recognize and interpret signs and signals. Several modes of communication rely on reading and vision and while people may have verbal communication down pat, they must also work on their comprehension abilities.
If someone is facing a serious lack of communication skills in the English language, there are training opportunities available. There are companies that help people conquer their English-speaking problems, from correcting poor grammar or enlarging a small vocabulary, to aiding people who fear public speaking but still must make presentations in front of people.