Complete the prerequisites. Many doctoral programs in English have no specific requirements of undergraduates. Harvard University's Department of English, however, requires that applicants show proficiency in two different languages.
Graduate from college and earn a bachelor's degree. Most doctoral programs in English don't require that applicants complete a specific degree program, but an undergraduate program must be completed before starting a Ph.D. program. Harvard University requires that candidates earn an "A" grade in English literature and writing courses taken in their undergraduate program.
Take the Graduate Records Examination (GRE). Most doctoral programs require applicants submit their official GRE test score. High scores in English and related subject tests like English and American literature will enhance your application. Harvard University, for example, recommends a score of 700 or better in English.
Determine your area of interest. For example, if you're especially interested in Victorian literature, you will want to find a doctoral program that offers a concentration or at least a fair amount of courses in that subject.
Decide your area of interest. Many programs will require that you complete a dissertation, or research in a specific area of interest to support candidature for a Ph.D. For example, you could base your dissertation on the works of James Baldwin, or how post-modern literature affected feminism in the U.S. You may be asked to explain your interest on the application, in the personal essay or during the admissions interview (not all schools require an interview). Your dissertation can change during the course of your Ph.D. program, but eventually you will need to submit a form outlining your focus and have a professor or adviser approve the subject matter.
Apply to the programs of interest. Complete the application and submit any required supplemental materials, which may include letters of recommendation, personal essay and official transcripts.