1. Master's Degree (often, but not always): While some programs might accept exceptionally qualified applicants with a strong bachelor's degree, a Master's degree in Computer Science or a closely related field is usually a prerequisite. This provides a strong foundation for the doctoral-level work.
2. High GPA: A strong academic record throughout your undergraduate and (if applicable) master's studies is crucial. The exact GPA required varies, but generally, a high GPA (typically above 3.5/4.0 or equivalent) is expected.
3. GRE Scores (decreasingly common): Many programs are moving away from requiring GRE scores, but some still require or strongly recommend them, particularly the quantitative section. Check the specific program's requirements.
4. Letters of Recommendation: Strong letters of recommendation from professors or other individuals who can attest to your research abilities, academic potential, and work ethic are essential. Typically, 3-4 letters are requested.
5. Statement of Purpose/Research Proposal: This document outlines your research interests, past academic achievements, and future research plans. It's a critical component of the application process, demonstrating your understanding of the field and your suitability for doctoral study. A well-written research proposal often forms the basis of your dissertation topic.
6. Research Experience: Prior research experience, even if it was during your undergraduate or master's studies, significantly strengthens your application. Demonstrating the ability to conduct independent research is key. This often involves publications or presentations at conferences.
7. Coursework: Doctoral programs typically require completion of a set of core and elective courses. These courses delve deeper into specialized areas within computer science, providing a strong theoretical and practical foundation for your research.
8. Qualifying Exams: Many programs require students to pass comprehensive qualifying exams, often after completing a year or two of coursework. These exams assess your mastery of fundamental concepts and prepare you for independent research.
9. Dissertation Research and Defense: The core of a Ph.D. program is the dissertation, an original contribution to the field of computer science. This involves conducting significant research, writing a substantial thesis, and publicly defending your work before a committee of professors. This process can take several years.
10. Publication(s): While not always explicitly required, publishing your research in peer-reviewed conferences or journals significantly strengthens your dissertation and overall candidacy.
11. Teaching/Mentoring (sometimes): Some programs require or encourage participation in teaching or mentoring activities to develop pedagogical skills.
It's crucial to check the specific requirements of each Ph.D. program you are interested in applying to, as these requirements can vary significantly. The program website is the best source of accurate and up-to-date information.