Federal grant programs include academic grants, housing grants, community grants, low-income grants, community development grants and small business grants, among others. Grant programs have specific guidelines for the grant applicants and the grant selection committee. Grant selection committees can only award grants based on the grant criteria. An employment preference can only be given if stated in the criteria.
Employment preference is given to grant applicants as part of the consideration process. A grant must be designated to meet the needs of a particular area. For example, an National Institute of Health grant can require the applicant to be a scientist. A small business grant can be limited to business owners. A teaching grant can be available to teach in low-income areas. Grant guidelines can require a employment preference in the selection process.
A grant program may have no employment preference, particularly for student financial aid grants or low-income assistance grants. Employment status can apply indirectly. The annual earned income of an applicant is factored into the selection process. Financial need is often a major requirement. Preference can be given to applicants in working class, low-paid and part-time employment positions.