Complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid, or FAFSA, on the Internet at home, school or local library. College and high school counselors will also have paper versions of this form that can be prepared and mailed. Generally, the most recent tax return for the student, if applicable, and parents is needed to complete the form. This is the basic form to apply to most schools for any federal, state or local financial aid.
Apply for admission to several schools of interest. Many times, admission must be secured before the financial aid office will process the application. This step will require school-specific information and criteria, unlike the FAFSA and financial aid, but generally the same process is used at each school. A fee, essay, transcripts and test scores are likely to be necessary to complete this step.
Receive an Award Letter from each school's financial aid office. This document will explain what amount of assistance is being offered. Remember that grants, scholarships and student work generally are considered gift-aid and don't have to be repaid, while student and parent loans must be repaid and usually with interest. Private loans will consider credit history as part of the process. Some student loans could require that repayment start immediately.
Reply to the college of choice by completing the acceptance letter for the awards. Some students will receive grants while others will be offered student loans or work programs. It's possible to get a combination of all types. Keep in mind that Stafford Loans, although with low maximum limits for freshmen and sophomores, are guaranteed if offered on the Award Letter. Work programs will allow for the student to make money throughout the semester but probably won't be able to help pay the tuition bill.
Meet with a staff member in the financial aid office by calling to schedule an appointment. Simply ask to clarify any potential questions and explain any special circumstances. At the very least, ensure all avenues have been explored before deciding that finances are a barrier to earning a higher level of education.